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Jerome
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Neurons and glial cells are two main types of cells in the nervous system, each with distinct functions:
Explanation:
1. Neurons:
Explanation:
- Transmit Information: Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system. They are responsible for conveying sensory information, processing it, and generating responses.
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- Communication: Neurons communicate with each other and with other cells in the body, allowing for the transmission of messages, coordination of bodily functions, and the generation of thoughts and emotions.
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Explanation:
2. Glial Cells (or Neuroglia):
Explanation:
- Support and Protect Neurons: Glial cells provide essential support and protection to neurons. They are like the "helper" cells of the nervous system.
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- Various Types: There are several types of glial cells, including astrocytes (maintain the blood-brain barrier and regulate ion balance), oligodendrocytes (produce myelin in the central nervous system), and Schwann cells (produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system).
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- Myelin Sheath: One crucial role of glial cells is to create and maintain the myelin sheath, which insulates and speeds up the conduction of nerve impulses along axons.
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- Immune Function: Some glial cells, like microglia, act as the immune system's defense in the central nervous system, protecting it from pathogens and helping with tissue repair.
In summary, neurons are the primary cells responsible for transmitting information and generating responses in the nervous system, while glial cells provide essential support, protection, and insulation for neurons, ensuring their proper functioning. The combined efforts of both neurons and glial cells are vital for the functioning of the nervous system and, consequently, for all aspects of thought, movement, and bodily regulation.
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