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Laboratory Review 5 I. How is "produces" represented in a chemical reaction? 2. Are the substrates in an enzymatic reaction reactants or products? 3. What is the name of the location on an enzyme where its substrate or substrates bind? 4. What cellular organelle contains catalase and is present in all plant and animal organs? S. What did measuringthe bubble column heights i al th experimental procedures indicate? 6. What purpose did the tube containing water and hydrogen peroxide serve in the catalase activity experimental procedure? 7. What word describes the loss of an enzyme's original shape and ability of its active site to function? 8. What happens to enzyme activity if the temperature increases slightly? 9. What did the negative control tube lack when the effect of enzyme concentration was studied? 10. If cells produce more catalase, will there be more or less water and oxygen produced from the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase? 11. What word describes the pH at which the speed of a reaction involving an enzyme 12. What do changes in pH (too low or too high) do to an enzyme that reduce its activity? 13. In the Experimental Procedure on the effect of pH on enzyme activity, which tube 14. Since enzymes are specific for certain substrates and often have similar names, what occurs best? contained water with an acidic pH? is the name of the enzyme used in tube 3 of the catalase activity experiment that facilitates the breakdown of sucrose? racilitates the breakdown of sucrose? Thought Questions 15. People with Crohn's disease may develop lactose intolerance caused by damage to their small intestine. These people may take a commercial product called Lactaid to prevent digestive upset when consuming dairy products What is in Lactaid about the specificity of enzymes for substrates in this lab. that helps these people avoid those symptoms? Explain how this relates to what you learned 16. High-grade fevers (in humans, 103°F or higher) are of concern, and medical care should be obtained. Explain why, based on your understanding of enzyme function. creatic amylase is a digestive enzyme that digests starch in the small intestine. Pancreatic amylase's optimum pH is slightly basic, which the presence of NaHČO, provides. Indicate which test tubes (1-3) would show digestion of starch following incubation. Explain why the others would not. Tube 1water, starch 17. Pan Tube 2 water, starch, pancreatic amylase, HCI Tube 3 water, starch, pancreatic amylase, NaHCO

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1. produces is represented with an arrow mark. (reactants right arrow products) and reactants right and left half arrows products.

. Reactents\n

2. reactants are called substrates in an enzymatic reaction. No other term for products.

3. Active site- substrate binds at the active site of the enzyme

4. Peroxisomes present in cytoplasm of the cell contain catalase enzyme which converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.

5. End of liquid level is indicated by the start of bubble column in apparatus like pipette.

6. Catalase converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Oxygen escapes as gas.

7. The word 'denaturation' describes the loss of enzyme's original shape and ability of its active site to function.

8. If the temperature increases slightly, enzyme activity increases, enzyme has maximum activity at its optimum temperature (optimum pH etc.), If the temperature is increased too much, it gets denatured.

9.When the enzyme concentration was studied, the negative control lacks substrate. (either substrate or enzyme lacks.) Because, there is no reaction occurinrg in negative control tube.

10. If there is more catalase produced, its action depends on the presence and concentration of substrate- hydrogen peroxide.

11. At optimum pH, enzyme has maximum activity.

12. protonation or deprotonation of amino acid occurs

15.The enzyme lactase converts lactose into glucose and galactose. Lactose-free diet is called lactaid. Hence by the intake of lactaid, the problem with lactose intolerance due to the deficiency of enzyme lactase can be avoided.

16. Usual human body temperature is 370C, with the range of  36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F). In fever, there is high temperature which is not suitable foe enzyme functions in body.

17. The enzyme salivary amylase is most active at pH 6.8. Tube 3, water , starch, pancreatic amylase, NaHCO3 are the conditions needed for amylase to work.

In other tubes, there are no alkaline conditions for the enzyme to work.

 

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