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Question

Briefly compare proteasome, peroxisome and lysosome to its function and significance

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Adrian

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Solution By Steps

Step 1: Proteasome

The proteasome is a cellular structure responsible for degrading unneeded or damaged proteins.

Step 2: Function

It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, which can be recycled by the cell.

Step 3: Significance

The proteasome plays a crucial role in regulating the concentration of specific proteins within the cell, thereby influencing various cellular processes.

Step 4: Peroxisome

The peroxisome is a cell organelle involved in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification of harmful substances.

Step 5: Function

It contains enzymes that participate in the oxidation of fatty acids and the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide.

Step 6: Significance

Peroxisomes are essential for lipid metabolism and the detoxification of harmful compounds, contributing to cellular homeostasis.

Step 7: Lysosome

The lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle containing digestive enzymes.

Step 8: Function

It degrades various biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, obtained from endocytosis, phagocytosis, or autophagy.

Step 9: Significance

Lysosomes are crucial for cellular waste disposal, the recycling of cellular components, and the defense against pathogens.

Final Answer

Proteasome: Degrades unneeded proteins for recycling.

Peroxisome: Metabolizes fatty acids and detoxifies harmful substances.

Lysosome: Degrades biomolecules and defends against pathogens.

Key Concept

Cellular Degradation and Detoxification

Key Concept Explanation

These organelles play vital roles in maintaining cellular health by degrading unwanted molecules, recycling cellular components, and detoxifying harmful substances. Their functions are essential for cellular homeostasis and overall organismal well-being.

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