Jan 2024 Update:    What metabolic process oxidizes a sugar molecule? Krebs cycle Mitosis ATP formation Glycolysis Electron transport

Question

What metabolic process oxidizes a sugar molecule?
Krebs cycle
Mitosis
ATP formation
Glycolysis
Electron transport

Asked By FrostyBlaze52 at 09 Jan 2024

Answered By Expert

Reggie

Expert · 3.7k answers · 3k people helped

Step 1/3

The oxidation of glucose is the process in which the breakdown of glucose occurs and ATP is formed as a byproduct. The glucose passes through 3 different pathways

Explanation:

Glycolysis pathway( 1st pathway)

This is the first pathway involved in glucose oxidation which produces 2 molecules of pyruvate, ATP,NADH and water.

Steps involved in glycolysis

Step 1:

The process starts with phosphorylation of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate( G6P)

Step 2:

The glucose-6-phosphate is converted into its isomeric form by Phosphoglycerate isomerase converting G6P into fructose-6-phosphate( F6P)

Step 3:

F6P is phosphorylated. Phosphoglycerate isomerase removes a phosphate group from an ATP and results in the formation of ADP and fructose-1,6-biphosphate

Step 4:

The enzyme aldolase splits F6P into G3P and dihydroxyacetone phosphate( DHAP)

Step 5:

DHAP is converted into G3P by the enzyme triose phosphate isomerase

Step 6:

The enzyme G3P-dehydrogenase removes hydrogen molecule from each G3P and phosphorylates the molecules.

In this step, 2 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of 1,3-biphosphogycerate are formed.

Step 7:

The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase removes a phosphate group from the 1,3-biphosphoglycerates.

In this step 2 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of phosphoglycerate are formed

Step 8 :

The enzyme enolase results in formation of 2 molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate

Step 9:

Pyruvate kinase removes the final phosphate group, forming ATP.

In this step 2 molecules of pyruvate are formed which then enters Krebs cycle

Step 2/3

Krebs cycle( TCA cycle or Citric Acid cycle)

It is a series of 8 step processes, where the acetyl group of Acetyl CoA is oxidized to form 2 molecules of carbon dioxide and one molecule of ATP. Reduced high energy compounds like NADH and FADH 2 are also produced

Explanation:

Pyruvate formed in glycolysis enters the mitochondrial matrix. It undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to form 2 molecules of Acetyl CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase.

The Acetyl CoA produced now enters the Krebs cycle.

Two molecules of acetyl-CoA are produced from each glucose molecule so 2 cycles of Krebs cycle are required which finally yields 4 molecules of CO2, 6 molecules of NADH,2 molecules of FADH 2 and 2 molecules of ATP

Step 3/3

Electron Transport System and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Explanation:

ATP is generated when electrons are transferred from the energy-rich molecules like NADH 2 and FADH 2 , produced in glycolysis, citric acid cycle to molecular oxygen by a series of electron carriers. Oxygen is reduced to water.

Final Answer

After explaining all the metabolic processes which a single molecule of Glucose( sugar) undergoes to be completely oxidized ,the correct options for the given question stem are

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